Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Diffuse and Specific Tectopulvinar Terminals in the Tree Shrew: Synapses, Synapsins, and Synaptic Potentials

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023781

Figure Lengend Snippet: Injections of biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) in the SC labels tectopulvinar axons that form widespread (“diffuse”) axons and boutons as well as more discrete clustered (“specific”) boutons. Representative images of BDA-labeled “diffuse” (A) and “specific” (B) axons in 50 µm thick sections are illustrated using transmitted light, a 40x objective, and Nomarski optics. C–G) Confocal images (single 0.1 µm scan with a 100x objective) illustrate tectopulvinar terminals labeled with BDA (purple) and tectopulvinar terminals labeled with antibodies against the type 2 vesicular glutamate transporter (vGLUT2, green). Terminals labeled with both BDA and vGLUT2 appear white. Clusters of vGLUT2-stained terminals contain at most 1 bouton contributed by “diffuse” axons (F), while “specific” axons contributed several boutons to each cluster (C-E, G) Scale in B = 10 µm and applies to A. Scale in D = 10 µm and applies to C, F and G. Scale in E = 2 µm.

Article Snippet: After several rinses in PB, slices were incubated overnight at 4°C under agitation in a 1% solution of avidin and biotinylated-horseradish peroxidase (ABC Kit Standard, Vector Laboratories) prepared in 0.3% Triton X-100.

Techniques: Labeling, Staining

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Diffuse and Specific Tectopulvinar Terminals in the Tree Shrew: Synapses, Synapsins, and Synaptic Potentials

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023781

Figure Lengend Snippet: Electron micrographs illustrate examples of specific tectopulvinar terminals in the Pc (A) and diffuse tectopulvinar terminals in the Pd (B) labeled by the anterograde transport of biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) from the superior colliculus. The synapse length (arrows) of each terminal type was measured. The distribution of synapse lengths is plotted (C). As a population, the length of specific synapses was found to be significantly longer than the length of diffuse synapses (P<0.05). Scale bar = 0.5 µm.

Article Snippet: After several rinses in PB, slices were incubated overnight at 4°C under agitation in a 1% solution of avidin and biotinylated-horseradish peroxidase (ABC Kit Standard, Vector Laboratories) prepared in 0.3% Triton X-100.

Techniques: Labeling

Journal: Gastroenterology

Article Title: Cysteine-rich domains of muc3 intestinal mucin promote cell migration, inhibit apoptosis, and accelerate wound healing.

doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.09.006

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Effect of Muc3 and MUC3A expression on apoptosis. (A) Western blotting using anti-Flag antibody. Lanes: stably transfected LoVo clone LhM3c14 cytoplasmic fraction (LhM3c14 cyt) and membrane fraction (LHM3C14 MEM), mock-transfected LoVo cell clone membrane fraction (LMOCK MEM), nontransfected LoVo membrane fraction (MEM). (B) Percentage change in apoptosis with () or without () TNF- (100 ng/mL) treatment for 48 hours. Cell lines included parental LoVo, LhM3c14, Lmock, and nontransfected LoVo cells pretreated with m3EGF1,2 (10 g/mL) or GST (5 g/mL) for 1 hour before addition of TNF-. Baseline apoptosis 3.9%. *P .016 vs LoVo (), ^P .009 vs GST, P .002 vs Lmock; n 2–3 plates/treatment and 3 fields counted/plate. (C) Percentage change in apoptosis in nontransfected LoVo cells with () or without () sequential interferon- and anti-Fas antibody treatment for 72 hours. Cells were pretreated with m3EGF1,2 (10 g/mL), m3EGF1 (10 g/mL), m3EGF2 (10 g/mL), GST (10 g/mL), EGF (10 ng/mL), or m3EGF1 (5 g/mL) m3EGF2 (5 g/mL) before additionofanti-Fasantibody.Baselineapoptosis1.1%and.9%forleftandrightpanels,respectively(ANOVA,P.001,withinbothpanels).*P.005vsLoVo, LoVo m3EGF1, m3EGF2 and GST controls (left panel). *P .004 vs LoVo and LoVo m3EGF1 m3EGF2 (right panel); n 2 plates/treatment and 2 fields counted/plate. (D) Percentage change in apoptosis with () or without () sequential interferon- and anti-Fas antibody treatment for 48 hours. Cell lines included LhM3c14andLmock(ANOVA,P.001).Baselineapoptosis2.3%.*P.025vsLmock()andLhMc14()n3plates/treatmentand3fieldscounted/plate. (E) LoVo cells were treated with increasing concentrations of the EGF-receptor inhibitor, tyrphostin (AG1478). This resulted in a dose-dependent reversal of the anti-apoptosis effect of recombinant EGF, but did not affect the anti-apoptosis effect of m3EGF1,2 (ANOVA, P .001). Baseline apoptosis 2.0%. *P .03 vs m3EGF1,2 (same tyrphostin concentrations). (Note that maximal apoptosis observed varied from experiment to experiment because of the limited half-life of the activity of the anti-Fas in storage).

Article Snippet: Apoptosis was measured in histologic specimens using a erminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated deoxyuridine riphosphate biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay (TACS.XL n Situ Apoptosis Detection Kit; R&D Systems), according to he manufacturer’s directions.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Stable Transfection, Transfection, Membrane, Recombinant, Activity Assay

Journal: Gastroenterology

Article Title: Cysteine-rich domains of muc3 intestinal mucin promote cell migration, inhibit apoptosis, and accelerate wound healing.

doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.09.006

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 9. Effect of recombinant Muc3 protein on acetic acid–in- duced apoptosis. (A) Mean number of apoptotic cells determined by TUNEL assay in the distal colon of mice 30 hours after acetic acid administration in mice treated twice with 100 g m3EGF1,2 or control peptide 100 g BSA in PBS (n 10 mice each treatment). (B) Repre- sentative distal colon 30 hours after acetic acid and control enema treatments. TUNEL-positive nuclei are stained darkly. (C) Representa- tive distal colon 30 hours after acetic acid and m3EGF1,2 enema treat- ments (magnification, 200).

Article Snippet: Apoptosis was measured in histologic specimens using a erminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated deoxyuridine riphosphate biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay (TACS.XL n Situ Apoptosis Detection Kit; R&D Systems), according to he manufacturer’s directions.

Techniques: Recombinant, TUNEL Assay, Control, Staining